-
The Effect of Prolactin in Response to Academic Stress during Examination Condition in Healthy Male and Female University Students
Bako Ibrahim Gaya,
Mabrouk Mohamed Abdel-azeez,
Abubakar Muhammad Sani,
Salihu Khadijat Haladu,
Malgwi Samaila Ibrahim
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 1, January 2014
Pages:
1-4
Received:
21 October 2013
Published:
30 November 2013
Abstract: The effect of Prolactin in response to academic stress was studied in forty healthy male and female University students during their final year seminar presentation examination. The data collected are some Anthropometric parameters, Blood pressure (diastolic and systolic) and prolactin level. The arterial blood pressure was measured by auscultatory method using stethoscope and sphygmomanometer. Serum prolactin level in blood sample collected from each subject was analyzed using prolactin ELISA kit. The serum prolactin level in students under examination condition when compared to students not under examination increased significantly (P<0.05). The blood pressure also increased with a significant statistical value (P<0.05) when the test group was compared to the control group. It can therefore be inferred that Prolactin level increases in academic stress in both male and female may be a useful neuro-endocrine link to stress.
Abstract: The effect of Prolactin in response to academic stress was studied in forty healthy male and female University students during their final year seminar presentation examination. The data collected are some Anthropometric parameters, Blood pressure (diastolic and systolic) and prolactin level. The arterial blood pressure was measured by auscultatory...
Show More
-
Multiple Drug Resistance and ESBL Production in Bacterial Urine Culture Isolates
Riffat Iqbal,
Abdul Majid,
Iqbal Ahmad Alvi,
Azam Hayat,
Farah Andalee,
Saira Gul,
Sabeena Irfan,
Mujaddad Ur Rahman
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 1, January 2014
Pages:
5-12
Received:
7 December 2013
Published:
30 December 2013
Abstract: Transmission of bacterial strains between patients is a serious problem in hospitals and with the increasing rate of antibiotic resistance the problem has farther escalated. Enterobacteriaceae produced ESBLs, especially E-coli, are increasingly important nosocomial pathogens. These bacteria are often multiple resistant and are responsible for many intestinal infections and urinary tract infections. Urine samples [4010] were collected cultured and the bacterial isolates were identified in this study, 1000 isolates showed significant bacterial growth. Among the sample 1000 showed bacterial growth in which E.coli strains was most common 58.5% of the 1000 bacterial isolates from urine cultures, gram negative rods accounted for 95.30 %, while gram positive cocci accounted for the test 4.70 %. Total pathogen isolated and recovered is distributed as K. pneumoniae 16.7 %, Enterobacter spp 0.57 %, P. aeruginosa 14.5 %, Proteus spp 1.34 % Enterococci 1.05 %, S. aurus 0.76 % and E. faecalis 2.87 %, A. calcoaceticus 1.05 %, Enterobacter spp 0.57 % E. agglumarance 2.20 % serratia 0.1 %. In case of g negative bacteria 58 [2.45 %] were ESBL producers and 379 [47.54 %] were MDR. while in case of gram positive 2 [0.2 %] were MRSA. Resistance has arisen to all antibiotics introduced into general clinical practice and is likely to arise to any new antibiotics introduced in the future. It is therefore imperative to consider what can be done to minimize the development and transfer of antibiotics resistance gene clusters. Methods can be developed to minimize antibiotic resistance.
Abstract: Transmission of bacterial strains between patients is a serious problem in hospitals and with the increasing rate of antibiotic resistance the problem has farther escalated. Enterobacteriaceae produced ESBLs, especially E-coli, are increasingly important nosocomial pathogens. These bacteria are often multiple resistant and are responsible for many ...
Show More
-
Diversity, Bioactivity and Drug Development of Cultivable Actinobacteria in Six Species of Bird Feces
Xiu Chen,
Shumei Qiu,
Yi Jiang,
Li Han,
Xueshi Huang,
Chenglin Jiang
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 1, January 2014
Pages:
13-18
Received:
12 December 2013
Published:
30 December 2013
Abstract: In order to provide new lead compounds of drugs and other useful products, the diversity and some bioactivities of cultivable actinobacteria in bird feces were studied．Six species of bird fecal samples were collected from Yunnan Wild Animal Park and bank of Dian Lake. The pure cultures of actinobacteria were isolated from these samples by using 6 different media. The partial 16S rRNA gene sequences of 207 selected strains were determined, the phylogenetic analysis was carried out, and antimicrobial activities were determined by using agar diffusion method. The key biosynthase genes (CYP, AHBA and SAL) of antibiotics were also detected. Total 28 genera of actinobacteria from all the samples were identified. 18 genera were identified from Pavo cristatus feces, and the actinomycete community was the most complex. These actinobacteria had wide inhibition against 10 test microbes. In 30, 25, and 36 strains of actinobacteria isolated from Pavo cristatus, Grus japonensis and Larus ridibundus feces respectively, average 22.2%, 8.9% and 40.8% strains had the key biosynthase genes encoding CYP, AHBA and SAL. More than 30 bioactive secondary metabolites from several actinomycete strains of bird feces were isolated and characterized. The study shows that birds fecal actinobacteria are a new potential source for discovering new drugs and other industry products.
Abstract: In order to provide new lead compounds of drugs and other useful products, the diversity and some bioactivities of cultivable actinobacteria in bird feces were studied．Six species of bird fecal samples were collected from Yunnan Wild Animal Park and bank of Dian Lake. The pure cultures of actinobacteria were isolated from these samples by using 6 d...
Show More
-
Stimulated Biodegradation of Spent Lubricating Motor Oil in Soil Amended with Animal Droppings
Stanley Chukwudozie Onuoha,
Edna Ifeoma Chukwura,
Kayode Fatokun
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 1, January 2014
Pages:
19-27
Received:
8 December 2013
Published:
10 January 2014
Abstract: The potentials of organic wastes from animal droppings as bioremediation alternative for soils spiked with waste-lubricating motor oil (spent oil) was evaluated. The rate of biodegradation of the spent oil was studied for a period of 6 months under laboratory condition. The result of the microbial counts for soils spiked with 5000 mgkg-1(0.5%) spent oil has its total heterotrophic bacterial count in unamended control soil ranging from 2.71±0.09 to 7.21±0.25 x 106 CFU/g of soil, while those of soil amended with cow droppings (CD) ranged from 16.0±1.01 to 47.90±0.36x 106 CFU/g of soil and those of soil amended with goat droppings (GD) and poultry manure(PM) ranged from 16.6±0.6 to 57.9±0.15 x 106 and 18.00±0.20×106 to 60.80± 1.19 ×106 CFU/g of soil respectively. The counts of hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria (HUB) in unamended control soil ranged from 0.93±0.11 to 2.10±0.15 ×106 CFU/g of soil. The count of HUB in PM amended soil was significantly higher than those amended with goat droppings (GD), while those of goat dropping were higher than those of cow dung. The HUB count in GD amended soil ranged from 8.07± 0.12x106 to 67.70±0.68 x 106 cfu/g of soil. The THB and HUB counts for soils spiked with 25000 mg/kg (2.5%) spent oil exhibited a similar trend as was observed for soil spiked with 0.5% spent oil. Evaluation by the first-order kinetic model which utilized combined data for the entire period revealed that PM with biodegradation rate constant of 0.2332 day-1 and half-life of 2.97days was better in stimulating biodegradation of oil at higher concentration, while GD with a biodegradation constant of 0.3253day-1 and half-life of 2.13 days performed better at low pollution when compared to that of PM and CD.
Abstract: The potentials of organic wastes from animal droppings as bioremediation alternative for soils spiked with waste-lubricating motor oil (spent oil) was evaluated. The rate of biodegradation of the spent oil was studied for a period of 6 months under laboratory condition. The result of the microbial counts for soils spiked with 5000 mgkg-1(0.5%) spen...
Show More
