Undifferentiated Catecholaminergic and NO-Producing Cells of Forebrain Matrix Zones and Intercellular Relationships in Periventricular Diencephalon of Juvenile Oncorhynchus masou
Pushchina E. V.,
Varaksin A. A.,
Shukla S.,
Obukhov D. K.
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2-3, April 2015
Pages:
1-11
Received:
14 January 2015
Accepted:
17 January 2015
Published:
5 March 2015
Abstract: Localization of TH- and NO-producing systems in the diencephalon of juvenile masu salmon Oncorhynchus masou was investigated by using histofluorescence labeling of glyoxylic acid (GA), and ICH labeling of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). High density distribution of catecholaminergic and NO-ergic cells has been found in preoptic, posterior tuberal and hypothalamic areas. Cells revealed in above mentioned diencephalic areas were assigned to three main types: pear-shaped, bipolar and rounded. Most of the TH- and NO-producing cells had the phenotype of undifferentiated elements localized on territory of diencephalic matrix zones. Paracrine and autocrine relationships between TH- and NO-producing cells in periventricular diencephalon of juvenile O. masou before formation of blood-brain barrier have been hypothesized. The lack of differentiated cells and the presence of a large variety of size groups of cells indicate a possible heterochrony in growth and differentiation of O. masou diencephalic areas. Location of catecholaminergic and NO-producing cells in the territory of diencephalic matrix zones suggests that catecholamines and nitric oxide are involved in the regulation of post-embryonic neurogenesis in diencephalon of O. masou.
Abstract: Localization of TH- and NO-producing systems in the diencephalon of juvenile masu salmon Oncorhynchus masou was investigated by using histofluorescence labeling of glyoxylic acid (GA), and ICH labeling of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). High density distribution of catecholaminergic and NO-ergic cells has been f...
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Multiphoton Confocal Microscopy (in vivo Imaging) in the Study of Early Response of Macrophages/Microglia in Damaged Midbrain of Juvenile Chum Salmon Oncorhynchus keta
Pushchina E. V.,
Varaksin A. A.,
Shukla S.,
Bulygyn D. A.
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2-3, April 2015
Pages:
12-18
Received:
15 February 2015
Accepted:
19 February 2015
Published:
5 March 2015
Abstract: We used multiphoton confocal microscopy for the in vivo study of early response of macrophages/microglia in the damaged midbrain of juvenile chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta. The results obtained allow the use of injection of DiI in the area of brain injury as a method to identify a population of phagocytic cells in the brain, based on the physiological response of macrophages/microglia. Thus, the injury with injection of small particles of dye DiI causes the phagocytic response from macrophages within a 30 minutes after the application of the damaging effects. This allows the use of DiI as a vital nonspecific marker of macrophages/microglia. It can be regarded as an effective method of identifying populations of phagocytic cells in the brain, as the effective molecular markers that allow selective identification of populations of macrophages and microglia in the brain of the fish have not been developed so far. We supposed that using multiphoton confocal microscopy in vivo experiments allow to have the substantial preference. Damage to living cells decreases photo induced processes, because of the much lower absorption of tissues and cells in the infrared region as compared with the ultraviolet one. For this reason, it provides more depth of penetration in biological objects (animal). The main beneficial consequence of this is the better survival of a biological object with good image quality.
Abstract: We used multiphoton confocal microscopy for the in vivo study of early response of macrophages/microglia in the damaged midbrain of juvenile chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta. The results obtained allow the use of injection of DiI in the area of brain injury as a method to identify a population of phagocytic cells in the brain, based on the physiologic...
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Monitoring of Cell Migration and Apoptosis in Cerebellum of Juvenile Masu Salmon Oncorhynchus Masou After Injury
Stukaneva M. E.,
Puschina E. V.,
Varaksin A. A.,
Shukla S.
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 2-3, April 2015
Pages:
19-27
Received:
23 February 2015
Accepted:
24 February 2015
Published:
5 March 2015
Abstract: Apoptosis in various cerebellar zones of juvenile masu salmon Oncorhynchus masou after mechanical injury was investigated by TUNEL-labeling. In the brain of 4 month-old juveniles of O. masou growth in different parts of cerebellum and proliferative activity in secondary matrix zones of cerebellum were continued. TUNEL-labeling was observed in the injured cerebellum 2 days after damage. The induction of proliferative activity in different matrix zones: granular eminences, dorsal part of molecular layer and surface layers of corpus cerebellum were noted. The proliferative activity in regional neurogenic niches is increased after injury of cerebellum. The maximal number of apoptotic elements in the cerebellum was observed in zones of the radial cell migration. We suggest that in damaged cerebellum both adult born cells and cells formed as a result of the reparative neurogenesis can be eliminated during radial migration as result of natural morphogenetic processes. Patterns of tangential and radial migration of cells were observed near the area of injury. The highest rate of apoptosis index was detected in the dorsal matrix zone corresponding to the zone of secondary neurogenesis. This testifies to the elimination of the newly formed cells at the stage of their localization in the matrix zones. The intensity of the apoptotic response varies in different areas of O. masou cerebellum.
Abstract: Apoptosis in various cerebellar zones of juvenile masu salmon Oncorhynchus masou after mechanical injury was investigated by TUNEL-labeling. In the brain of 4 month-old juveniles of O. masou growth in different parts of cerebellum and proliferative activity in secondary matrix zones of cerebellum were continued. TUNEL-labeling was observed in the i...
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