Protective Effect of Pseudomonas Fluorescens as a Probiotic in Controlling Fish Pathogens
Nour Eissa,
ElSayed Abou El-Gheit,
Adel A. Shaheen
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 5, September 2014
Pages:
175-181
Received:
31 July 2014
Accepted:
27 August 2014
Published:
10 September 2014
Abstract: The use of Pseudomonas fluorscens isolates as biological control agents against two fish pathogens; Pseudomonas angulliseptica and Streptococcus faecium in Nile tilapia were investigated in vivo and vitro. Pseudomonas fluorscens biovars I, II & III were tested in vitro using the agar diffusion method and showed effectiveness in inhibiting growth of P. angulliseptica and Strep. faecium. Pseudomonas fluorscens biovar II was the most effective with largest inhibition zones against both pathogens. For oral administration, P. fluorscens biovars were incorporated into the mixed feed diet. A significant reduction in mortality rate and a significant increase in hematological parameters, total protein, and globulin in fish groups fed Pseudomonas fluorscens incorporated diet following challenge by P. angulliseptica and Strep. faecium. It could be concluded that P. fluorescens has a protective effect against different Nile Tilapia pathogens and could be used as a probiotic bacteria and an eco-friendly alternative measure to chemical antimicrobials and further research studies to clarify its protective mechanisms on cellular and molecular levels.
Abstract: The use of Pseudomonas fluorscens isolates as biological control agents against two fish pathogens; Pseudomonas angulliseptica and Streptococcus faecium in Nile tilapia were investigated in vivo and vitro. Pseudomonas fluorscens biovars I, II & III were tested in vitro using the agar diffusion method and showed effectiveness in inhibiting growth of...
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The Effect of Growth Differentiation Factor-5, 6, 7 in Chondrogenic Cell Differentiation of ATDC-5
Yuji a Hatakeyam,
Yuko Matsuda,
Junko Hatakeyama,
Kyoko Oka,
Hisashi Anan,
Eichi Tsuruga,
Tetsuichiro Inai,
Hiroyuki Ishikawa,
Yoshihiko Sawa
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 5, September 2014
Pages:
182-186
Received:
31 July 2014
Accepted:
25 August 2014
Published:
10 September 2014
Abstract: The proteins known as growth differentiation factors (GDFs) are members of the BMP family; GDF-5, -6, and -7 play important roles in skeletogenesis, especially with regard to chondrogenesis. The functional differences among these GDFs in chondrogenesis and chondrocyte cell differentiation remains unclear. Here, we attempt to assay cell proliferation, the production of chondrogenic matrices indicated by alcian blue intensity, and the profile of a chondrogenic cell differentiation marker gene in a cell culture of the chondrogenic cell line ATDC5 with or without recombinant mouse GDF-5, -6, and -7. After 24h culture, the ATDC5 cell number was significantly decreased in the exogenous presence of each GDF compared with a control culture absent all GDFs. On the other hand, alcian blue staining of cell cultures after 2w culture showed significantly increased intensity compared with that of the control. The expression levels of the chondrogenic cell differentiation marker genes Sox9 and aggrecan were increased after 24h and 48h culture by all GDFs, but were significantly increased in the presence of GDF-5 compared with the presence of GDF-6 or -7. These findings suggest that GDF-5, -6, and -7 could all promote chondrogenic cell differentiation of ATDC5, but GDF-5 may induce chondrogenic genes more potently than GDF-6 and -7 do.
Abstract: The proteins known as growth differentiation factors (GDFs) are members of the BMP family; GDF-5, -6, and -7 play important roles in skeletogenesis, especially with regard to chondrogenesis. The functional differences among these GDFs in chondrogenesis and chondrocyte cell differentiation remains unclear. Here, we attempt to assay cell proliferatio...
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Effects of Color, Pattern, and Sound on the Movement of Houseflies
Han-Seul Ryu,
Si-Yun Sung,
Chae-Won Lim,
Jong-Uk Na
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 5, September 2014
Pages:
187-191
Received:
18 August 2014
Accepted:
3 September 2014
Published:
20 September 2014
Abstract: As diseases spread by flies have continuously increased in frequency since the 1970s, methods to control the flies’ motion have been studied. In this paper, a novel method is proposed by examining the impact of diverse sensory stimuli on houseflies’ motion. Among various patterns and colors, red striped pattern was the best as fly repellent, and the pattern of white circles on a blue background the best attraction. For sound, a frequency of 10 kHz and 20 kHz had repelling power. When examined for its relationship with the alluring smell of food, red stripes repelled more than 26.3% of flies from the smell. Under the same conditions, 10 kHz and 20 kHz each showed repelling power over about 19% in the presence of an olfactory luring factor. Therefore, the pattern of red stripes and the auditory stimuli of 10 kHz or 20 kHz should be incorporated into various aspects of our lives, along with the living environment of disease-stricken areas.
Abstract: As diseases spread by flies have continuously increased in frequency since the 1970s, methods to control the flies’ motion have been studied. In this paper, a novel method is proposed by examining the impact of diverse sensory stimuli on houseflies’ motion. Among various patterns and colors, red striped pattern was the best as fly repellent, and th...
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